Standard Method of Measurement

Australian (ASMM) and UK (NRM2) measurement rules for construction estimating. Learn how to measure quantities consistently across all trades.

Standards Reference

AU/NZ Australian SMM

Based on Australian Standard Method of Measurement of Building Works (ASMM) and AIQS guidelines. Used throughout Australia and New Zealand.

UK NRM2 (RICS)

New Rules of Measurement 2: Detailed measurement for building works. Published by RICS. Standard for UK construction industry.

General Measurement Principles

Net Quantities

Measure net quantities as fixed in place. Do not include allowances for waste, laps, or cutting unless specifically stated. Waste factors are applied separately in pricing.

Deductions

AU: Openings >0.5m² deducted. UK (NRM2): Openings >0.5m² deducted for finishes; >1m² for structural work. State rules in descriptions.

Dimensions

All measurements in metres (m) to two decimal places. Areas in m², volumes in m³. UK: Linear items to nearest 10mm, areas to 0.01m².

Descriptions

Descriptions shall include all information necessary for pricing. UK (NRM2): Follow tabulated rules with coded descriptions where applicable.

Provisional Sums

AU: Provisional items for uncertain work. UK: Distinguish between "defined" and "undefined" provisional sums per NRM2 rules.

Preliminaries

AU: Site establishment, plant, supervision. UK (NRM2): Detailed breakdown including employer's requirements, main contractor's cost items, and work packages.

Demolition & Site Clearance

Item Unit Measurement Rule
Building demolition Measure overall volume of building. State construction type (brick, timber, concrete). Include description of hazardous materials if present.
Slab/pavement removal Measure plan area. State thickness and material type. Separate items for reinforced and unreinforced concrete.
Tree removal No. Enumerate trees. State trunk diameter at 1m height. Classify: small (<300mm), medium (300-600mm), large (>600mm). Include stump removal if required.
Site clearing Measure plan area. State vegetation type (grass, scrub, light bush). Exclude areas measured under tree removal.
Asbestos removal Measure surface area of material. State type (bonded/friable). Provisional item pending survey. Include disposal and certification.

Notes

  • Disposal costs may be included in rates or measured separately
  • Salvage credits should be identified where applicable
  • Protection of adjacent structures measured separately

Earthworks & Excavation

Item Unit Measurement Rule
Topsoil strip Measure plan area. State average depth (typically 150-300mm). Include for stockpiling on site if required.
Bulk excavation Measure volume in bank (in-situ) to required formation level. Classify: earth, rock, contaminated. State maximum depth ranges.
Trench excavation Measure trench volume. State width category: ≤300mm, 300-600mm, >600mm. State depth ranges in 500mm increments.
Pit excavation Measure pit volume to outside of formwork line plus 150mm working space. State depth ranges.
Filling Measure volume in place (compacted). State material type and source (site-won, imported). State compaction requirements.
Disposal off-site Measure volume in bank. Allow for bulking factor separately in pricing. State material classification for tip fees.

Notes

  • Rock excavation measured separately; define rock as material requiring mechanical breaking
  • Groundwater/dewatering measured as provisional item or included in rates
  • Shoring and temporary support measured separately under Preliminaries

Concrete Works

Item Unit Measurement Rule
In-situ concrete Measure net volume of finished work. State grade (N20, N25, N32, etc.), exposure class, and slump. Separate items for different grades.
Ground slab Measure plan area. State thickness. Includes: concrete, finishing, curing. Excludes: reinforcement, membrane, joints.
Suspended slab Measure plan area. State thickness. Classify by soffit height ranges: ≤3.5m, 3.5-6m, >6m.
Beams Measure concrete volume. Classify by size: small (<0.03m³/m), medium (0.03-0.1m³/m), large (>0.1m³/m).
Columns Measure from top of base to underside of supported member. State cross-section size and shape (rectangular, circular).
Walls Measure concrete volume. State thickness. Classify: retaining, basement, lift core. Openings >0.5m² deducted.
Formwork Measure contact area. Classify: horizontal, vertical, sloping. State finish: off-form, standard, rough. Separate items for >3.5m high.
Reinforcement (bars) t Measure theoretical mass from schedules. State bar sizes. Includes: cutting, bending, fixing, spacers, chairs, laps. Laps deemed 40 diameters.
Reinforcement (mesh) Measure plan area. State mesh type (SL62, SL72, SL82, etc.). Laps deemed 150mm minimum.

Notes

  • Pumping, crane handling measured separately or included in rates
  • Expansion joints, construction joints measured in linear metres
  • Curing compounds, surface treatments measured separately in m²

Masonry & Brickwork

Item Unit Measurement Rule
Face brickwork Measure face area. State brick type, bond pattern, mortar colour. Single/double skin stated. Openings >0.5m² deducted.
Common brickwork Measure face area. State thickness (half brick, one brick). For backing, measure same as face.
Concrete blockwork Measure face area. State block size (typically 390×190mm face). State thickness: 90, 140, 190mm. Openings >0.5m² deducted.
Core filling Measure wall area to be filled. State grout strength. Include for horizontal bond beam filling.
Wall ties No. Enumerate ties. State type and length. Typically 4/m² for cavity walls. Or included in brickwork rate.
Lintels m Measure length. State type: steel angle, galvanised, concrete. State span range and load capacity.
DPC/Flashing m Measure linear length. State width and material type. Horizontal and stepped DPC measured separately.

Notes

  • Curved work, fair face both sides, raking cutting measured separately
  • Scaffolding typically included in rates or measured in Preliminaries
  • Expansion joints measured in linear metres

Structural Steelwork

Item Unit Measurement Rule
Structural steel t Measure theoretical mass from drawings. Includes: connections, cleats, stiffeners, bolts, welds. Classify by member type and complexity.
Beams t Measure mass of beam sections. State section size (e.g., 310UB40). Include connections, notching, coping.
Columns t Measure mass including base plates. State section size. Measure to underside of connection to supported member.
Purlins/girts m Measure length. State section (C or Z purlin, size). Include cleats and fasteners.
Roof trusses t Measure mass complete. State span and type. Include all internal members, gussets, connections.
Protective coatings Measure total surface area of steel. State system: galvanising, primer, intumescent. Girth rules per section type.

Notes

  • Fabrication complexity factor may apply to mass rates
  • Erection may be priced per tonne or as separate item
  • Shop drawings and certification included in rates or measured separately

Carpentry & Joinery

Item Unit Measurement Rule
Wall framing Measure face area of wall. State stud size and spacing. Includes: studs, plates, noggins, blocking. Openings >0.5m² deducted.
Roof trusses Measure plan area covered. State pitch and span. Or enumerate trusses stating span and type.
Floor framing Measure plan area. State joist size and spacing. Includes: bearers, joists, blocking, strutting.
Sheet flooring Measure plan area. State sheet type (particleboard, plywood) and thickness. Include for gluing and fixing.
Skirting m Measure length. State profile and size. Include angles, stops. No deduction for door openings.
Architraves m Measure length around openings. State profile and size. Typical set = 2 × jamb height + head.
Door frames No. Enumerate frames. State size, type (rebated, square), material. Include fixing and packing.

Roofing & Cladding

Item Unit Measurement Rule
Metal roof sheeting Measure true surface area (on slope). State profile, material, thickness, colour. Openings >1m² deducted.
Roof tiles Measure true surface area. State tile type, profile. Includes: battens, underlay, clips. Ridge/hip tiles measured separately.
Sarking/underlay Measure true surface area. State material type. May be included in roof covering rate.
Gutters m Measure length. State profile and size (e.g., 125mm quad). Include internal/external angles, stop ends, outlets.
Downpipes m Measure length. State size (typically 100mm round, 100×75 rectangular). Include bends, brackets, shoes.
Flashings m Measure length. State girth and material. Classify: ridge, barge, apron, stepped, box gutter.
Wall cladding Measure face area. State material, profile, colour. Openings >0.5m² deducted. Include corner trims.

Waterproofing & Membranes

Item Unit Measurement Rule
Wet area membrane Measure floor area plus wall area to required height (typically 1800mm in shower, 150mm elsewhere). State system type.
Below ground membrane Measure surface area of substrate. State membrane type (sheet, liquid, bituminous). Include laps.
Roof membrane Measure plan area. State system type and thickness. Include upturns, penetration sealing. Drainage separate.
Tanking Measure all surfaces of tank/basement. State system type. Internal/external application stated.
Vapour barrier Measure plan area. State material and thickness. Include for laps (typically 150mm).

Doors & Windows

Item Unit Measurement Rule
Internal doors No. Enumerate doors. State size, type (hollow core, solid), finish. Include hinges, latch. Hardware separate.
External doors No. Enumerate doors. State size, type, material, glazing. Include frame, weather seals, threshold.
Sliding doors No. Enumerate door units. State overall size, number of panels, frame material, glazing type.
Aluminium windows No. Enumerate windows. State size, type (awning, sliding, fixed), colour. Include glazing, hardware, fly screens.
Door hardware No. Enumerate sets. State type (passage, privacy, entrance). Include lever, striker, screws.
Glazing Measure pane area for loose glazing. State glass type, thickness. Mirrors measured separately.

Internal Finishes

Item Unit Measurement Rule
Plasterboard walls Measure face area. State thickness, type (standard, fire, wet area). Includes: fixing, jointing, sanding. Openings >0.5m² deducted.
Plasterboard ceilings Measure plan area. State thickness. Classify by height: ≤3m, 3-6m, >6m. Include suspension if applicable.
Suspended ceilings Measure plan area. State tile size, type, grid colour. Includes: grid, tiles, hangers. Classify by height.
Ceramic tiling Measure face area. State tile size, fixing method. Includes: adhesive, grout. Separate items for walls/floors.
Carpet Measure plan area. State type and grade. Includes: underlay, gripper, smoothedge.
Vinyl flooring Measure plan area. State type (sheet, tile, plank). Includes: adhesive, welding, cove.
Render/plaster Measure face area. State number of coats, finish type. Openings >0.5m² deducted. Reveals measured separately.

Painting & Decorating

Item Unit Measurement Rule
Walls (internal) Measure face area. State paint type, number of coats, substrate. Openings >0.5m² deducted. Reveals measured separately.
Ceilings Measure plan area. State paint type, finish. Classify by height: ≤3m, 3-6m, >6m.
Doors No. Enumerate doors. State paint type, number of coats. Price includes both faces, edges, frame.
Windows No. Enumerate windows by size range. State paint type. Include all faces, edges, reveals.
Skirtings/trims m Measure length. State girth range: ≤100mm, 100-300mm, >300mm. Include all faces.
External walls Measure face area. State paint type, substrate. Classify by height: ground level, >3m (scaffold). Openings >0.5m² deducted.
Structural steel Measure girth × length of members. Use girth factors for sections. State paint system, number of coats.

Notes

  • Preparation work (filling, sanding) typically included in painting rates
  • Specify primer separately if not standard system
  • Feature walls with different colours measured separately

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